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The Nantes/Brest Canal

Nantes/Brest Canal: House boat

Under Bonaparte, the "States" of Brittany's long time desire was finally realized: a canal which linked the Loire to the harbor at Brest without passing through the Ocean. But the canal's "commercial" existence was short lived. Today, it offers gorgeous views of the countryside to its many visitors.

There were few favorable elements for the construction of a navigable domestic waterway in Brittany. Two thirds of the peninsula is shore line. There is no level space in the interior, no real plain, no major river* and the smaller streams run directly into the sea, which means that there is no water link with the rest of Europe. At the beginning of the 19th Century, the roads were hardly passable, the ocean was dangerous, and the British fleet was a definite threat. Napoleon launched the gigantic excavation, which was to free up and allow for the provision of the Port of Brest: the Loire-Ocean Canal.

During 38 long years, workmen built 236 locks which permitted the crossing of an elevation of 555 meters. Eight waterways were canalized to feed into the larger canal, or were reconstructed to make them navigable, which gave Brittany its very surprising amount of navigable waters. The workers, sometimes peasants, often prisoners of war, created a total of nearly 600 meters of waterway and 325 locks spanning five departments.

In 1928, the construction of the dam at Guerledan and the progress of the railroad put an end to freight shipment on fresh water between Nantes and the docks. Today the towhorses have made room for fishermen, strollers, athletes. Barges and "chalands" have disappeared. The canal itself only opens its locks to pleasure boats. Spending several hours or several days on the water or on the banks, between the houses of the lock keepers and the millraces of the Nantes-Brest Canal is the best way to discover Brittany at its most modest and most beguiling.

* It's not the Loire in its estuary.

Nantes/Brest Canal: Waterway and lock
Nantes/Brest Canal: aqueducts

The irrigation channel's reach at Bout-de-Bois (44) carries water from Vioreau pond to the canal. The 13.6 mile long channel is a veritable technical feat in itself: 4 aqueducts with between 8 and 10 arches and a 1,968 feet long underground channel.

Nort/Erdre Exit. Direction: Joué/Erdre, turn left on to D178 and look around a bit. A very nice walk.

Information: Committee for the Promotion of Tourism in the Breton Canals and Navigable Waterways of the West. Place du Parlement, Redon. Phone: 02 99 71 06 04.

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A guide to the Breton Canals

Nantes/brest Canal: discription

Nantes/Brest Canal: structure

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